Column type
drilling machines - the easy way to the correct drilling
The most common form of a drilling machine is the column
type drilling machine. We exclude the hand drills used in the trade by
craftsmen and in the private sector at this point.
The use of such drilling machines can be traced
back a long way into the history of industrialization.
There are two variants of the column type drilling
machine, which are similar in structure but not the same. These are the bench type
drilling machines and the box column drilling machines.
The bench type drilling machines are characterized
by the fact that the column is mounted on a table. This table is not height
adjustable in comparison with the column type drilling machines.
What is the difference between the column type
drilling machine and the box column drilling machine? It is not very clear. In
the past, upright drilling machines had a fixed frame from the base to the
drilling unit. The mobility of the table and drilling unit was also given in
the case of box column drilling machines. In parlance, column type drilling
machines and box column drilling machines have come closer and closer together,
so that today there is hardly any distinguishing feature. Every column type
drilling machine is therefore also a box column drilling machine, but a box column
drilling machine is not a column type drilling machine as soon as the
characteristic of the round column is not given.
A mix of table drilling machines and column type
drilling machines is known from the do-it-yourself workshop or from the trade.
This means clamping a hand drill in a stand. This stand is firmly attached to a
table and the hand drill is moved vertically up and down using a hand lever.
This combination of table, stand and drill is not considered in this paper.
However, all the variants of column type and upright
drilling machines mentioned so far have one thing in common: The drilling
spindle is in a vertical position and the drilling movement is up and down.
What
distinguishes a column drilling machine in terms of structure?
Viewed from bottom to top, a column drilling
machine consists of the base, the round column, the height-adjustable table and
the drill head. The drill head consists of a drive, gear unit, drilling spindle
and tool holder.
The tool holder can be made using a drill chuck or
a Morse taper.
The control panel of the column type drill is also
attached to the drill head.
The drilling table is usually height-adjustable
along the column. The height position can be fixed. The table is usually
provided with T-slots for clamping fixtures (machine vices, clamping irons,
etc.) and workpieces.
The base of a pillar drill ensures that the machine
stands securely due to its heavy weight. If necessary, the foot can also be
fixed in the ground. Foot actuation or lubricant supply can optionally be
integrated at the foot of the column type drilling machine.
A column drilling machine is therefore an
independent machine that only requires a power connection.
The control
of a pillar drill
The variants of the control are as diverse as with
other machine tools. It starts with purely manual height adjustments of the
table and drilling spindle using handwheels and hand levers. With simple
machines, the workpieces are manually pushed into the correct position. As a
rule, the workpieces are clamped in a machine vice.
Only the drilling spindle is always motor-driven
and its speed can be controlled. The speed control can be done using different
sized pulleys. The belts must be turned on by hand. Infinitely variable
transmissions or frequency-controlled motors, on the other hand, are more
convenient.
In addition to the speed of the drilling spindle,
the feed rate of the drilling spindle is also decisive for a good drilling
result. If this is not done manually using a hand lever, this task is carried
out by a feed drive. The drilling spindle is lowered.
There are also machines in which the stroke of the
drilling process is generated from the motor-driven drilling table. This method
is primarily known from box column drilling machines.
In the highest level of automation, a drilling
process can also be carried out under NC or CNC control. With the use of a
turret head on the column drilling machine, the automation options are
duplicated.
The use of
column drilling machines
The overarching term stand drill already describes
the use of this type of machine very well. The compact design allows these
machines to be set up in the smallest of spaces. This can be done in the hobby
workshop, in the craft or in industry. The application knows no limits in all
areas. It can be drilled in metal, wood or plastic. The various uses only
require the correct setting of speed and feed on the drilling machine in
conjunction with the appropriate drilling tool.
The use of column type drilling machines tends to
be found in single and small series production. Not only is drilling a possible
method, but also countersinking, reaming or thread cutting is possible with column
type drilling machines.
tramao and
column type drilling machines
tramao offers you a large selection of used and new
column type drilling machines. You can also find the right service companies
for purchases, repairs and spare parts procurement on tramao.de.
On tramao you will also find a wide range of
machine accessories for column type drilling machines such as chucks, collets,
machine vices and much more.
Not to forget our wide range of suitable tools.
If you decide to buy a used drill, you will find a
large selection of well-known manufacturers such as Alzmetall, Ixion, Knuth,
Flott, Gillardon or WMW on tramao.